State Assumptions and Sources
The real estate calculators use state-level assumptions for preliminary screening. This page explains what those values mean and where they come from.
How State Data Is Used
The real estate analyzers use state data for property taxes, transfer taxes, attorney-state flags, judicial foreclosure flags, foreclosure timeline stress tests, insurance estimates, tax-reset warnings, and seller closing-cost assumptions.
These assumptions are not county-level quotes. They are a transparent baseline for screening a deal before getting local title, tax, insurance, lending, and legal inputs.
Primary Sources
- Property-tax rates use Tax Foundation Table 2, property taxes paid as a percentage of owner-occupied housing value for 2024.
- Public foreclosure timeline anchors use ATTOM 2025 foreclosure market reports. ATTOM public releases expose only selected fastest and slowest states, so unlisted states keep prior-vintage values until a better source is available.
- Transfer-tax and title assumptions prefer official state revenue, tax, insurance, code, or court sources.
- Insurance estimates use national dwelling-coverage breakpoints and state multipliers; high-volatility insurance states require more frequent review.
Current State Snapshot
| State | Property Tax | Timeline | Transfer Tax | Closing Flag |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 0.37% | 467 days (16 months) | 0.1% | Attorney closing |
| Alaska | 0.94% | 127 days (5 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Arizona | 0.48% | 105 days (4 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Arkansas | 0.56% | 95 days (4 months) | 0.33% | Title closing |
| California | 0.7% | 158 days (6 months) | 0.11% | Title closing |
| Colorado | 0.5% | 172 days (6 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Connecticut | 1.54% | 1600 days (54 months) | 1% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Delaware | 0.54% | 450 days (15 months) | 3.5% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Florida | 0.78% | 550 days (19 months) | 0.7% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Georgia | 0.79% | 48 days (2 months) | 0.1% | Attorney closing |
| Hawaii | 0.29% | 1760 days (59 months) | 0.5% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Idaho | 0.5% | 165 days (6 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Illinois | 1.88% | 500 days (17 months) | 0.1% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Indiana | 0.76% | 375 days (13 months) | 0% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Iowa | 1.33% | 550 days (19 months) | 0.16% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Kansas | 1.21% | 1594 days (54 months) | 0% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Kentucky | 0.74% | 225 days (8 months) | 0.1% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Louisiana | 0.55% | 3461 days (116 months) | 0% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Maine | 0.98% | 360 days (12 months) | 0.44% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Maryland | 0.92% | 145 days (5 months) | 0.75% | Attorney closing |
| Massachusetts | 1% | 127 days (5 months) | 0.45% | Attorney closing |
| Michigan | 1.19% | 390 days (13 months) | 0.75% | Title closing |
| Minnesota | 1% | 210 days (7 months) | 0.33% | Title closing |
| Mississippi | 0.58% | 135 days (5 months) | 0% | Attorney closing |
| Missouri | 0.89% | 75 days (3 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Montana | 0.61% | 174 days (6 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Nebraska | 1.44% | 150 days (5 months) | 0.232% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Nevada | 0.5% | 157 days (6 months) | 0.26% | Title closing |
| New Hampshire | 1.5% | 149 days (5 months) | 0.75% | Attorney closing |
| New Jersey | 1.88% | 1050 days (35 months) | 1.1% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| New Mexico | 0.63% | 150 days (5 months) | 0% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| New York | 1.3% | 1998 days (67 months) | 1.5% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| North Carolina | 0.66% | 120 days (4 months) | 0.2% | Attorney closing |
| North Dakota | 0.92% | 240 days (8 months) | 0% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Ohio | 1.36% | 450 days (15 months) | 0.1% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Oklahoma | 0.79% | 240 days (8 months) | 0.15% | Title closing |
| Oregon | 0.81% | 150 days (5 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Pennsylvania | 1.26% | 360 days (12 months) | 2% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Rhode Island | 1.12% | 1929 days (65 months) | 0.75% | Attorney closing |
| South Carolina | 0.49% | 225 days (8 months) | 0.37% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| South Dakota | 1% | 135 days (5 months) | 0.1% | Title closing |
| Tennessee | 0.52% | 75 days (3 months) | 0.37% | Title closing |
| Texas | 1.4% | 154 days (6 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Utah | 0.48% | 105 days (4 months) | 0% | Title closing |
| Vermont | 1.51% | 285 days (10 months) | 1.25% | Attorney closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Virginia | 0.78% | 160 days (6 months) | 0.5% | Title closing |
| Washington | 0.75% | 162 days (6 months) | 2% | Title closing |
| West Virginia | 0.51% | 135 days (5 months) | 0.22% | Attorney closing |
| Wisconsin | 1.32% | 510 days (17 months) | 0.3% | Title closing; judicial foreclosure |
| Wyoming | 0.53% | 165 days (6 months) | 0% | Title closing |
Known Limitations
Transfer taxes are the most nuanced state assumption because seller taxes, buyer recordation taxes, mortgage taxes, local add-ons, and customary payer rules can differ. The buyer acquisition matrix breaks those apart for the states where a single flat rate is weakest.